Improving Management Styles - 1097 Words

Improving Management Styles and Their Function In the article When the Problem is Management, author Lawrence Sawyer takes a look at the different styles that managers have in their practice, how they can better perform their functions and how they relate to the four basic functions of management. As an internal auditor, Mr. Sawyer provides some insight to these managers in helping them and their departments make better use of the tools they have and points out what basic function they are violating. This article and its basic points relate directly to the assigned 1st week s reading in our Management 330 textbook and is an excellent example in how to relate the reading to a real life example. Ways to improve one s own organization†¦show more content†¦This article and its main points directly relate to discussions in class and assigned reading about managers. As we learn about what managers do in the text, the examples given in the article give good insight and problem solving scenarios to work out. We can also see how change is good and can be controlled in shaping and helping to direct the focus that is desired for an organization. This can also be applied to work experience. Being a part of the huge organization that Citigroup is, being department specific can be adhered to and still provide ample opportunities to apply learning from the article. Being a working agent in the collections department, it is easy to see the habits and decision-making process that goes on between managers. The four functions of management discussed apply to collections in an important way. Goals need to be set in monthly and quarterly quotas to keep delinquency down. Rules and procedures are set for agents to use in daily collection efforts. Coordinating the efforts of all agents and establishing chain of command authority help the department remain organized. Managers are very influential in driving Management Functions 5 agents to work efficiently and quickly, while being thorough and specific in their collection efforts. Constant evaluation is also done of individual work and as goals are set, an assessment is done t o keep futureShow MoreRelated Improving Management Styles Essay1056 Words   |  5 Pages Improving Management Styles and Their Function nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In the article When the Problem is Management, author Lawrence Sawyer takes a look at the different styles that managers have in their practice, how they can better perform their functions and how they relate to the four basic functions of management. As an internal auditor, Mr. Sawyer provides some insight to these managers in helping them and their departments make better use of the tools they have and points out whatRead MoreOrganizational Theories and Management Styles1585 Words   |  7 PagesOrganizational theories and management styles are key factors in the success of an organization. These theories can determine the structure of the organization by defining the best way to organize and work employees and by helping the organization adapt to its environment. Organizations and managers are unique in their own way; however most organizations and managers can be grouped into categories or types depending on their organizational or management styles. 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Autocratic style: An autocratic management style is someone who makes decisions and gives orders to people without asking for their people. The manager dictates work methods, limits worker knowledge of goals to that needed for the next step gives punitive feedback. Autocratic management style the lack of worker motivation can be typical if no loyal connection is established between the manager and theRead MoreThe Relationship between the Structure, Culture, and Management Styles in Tescos1070 Words   |  5 PagesThe Relationship between the Structure, Culture, and Management Styles in Tescos There is a clear relationship between the structure, culture and management styles in Tescos here are some examples showing this: Tescos uses power culture which has a top down (tall structure) whereby objectives are determined by the individual or individuals. This structure is also linked in with an autocratic management style as this structure tends to have a ‘them and us attitude’ which

LaptopsPalm(99) Essay Example For Students

LaptopsPalm(99) Essay Eric AllenCI366PC Notebook and Palm Computers10/5/99Weve come a long way from the first successful portable computer. The Osborne, was introduced in 1981 and weighed 25 pounds, it came with 64 kilobits of memory. The Osbornes limited capacity and portability made it awkward compared to todays notebooks. And the cost was close to $1800, thats not to affordable for the 1980s. Through relentless pursuit of technology, notebooks of today are just a step-down from the desktop PC. The notebooks of today are lightweight, weighing about 7 pounds and just as functional as your home computer. These notebooks occupy the same software and operating systems as the desktop. With the performance of todays notebooks nothing, time and speed will not be sacrificed. Lets take a closer at what features and options they have to offer. ProcessorThere are two main manufactures of processors used in notebooks today, Intel and Advanced Micro Devices Inc. (AMD). The Intel processor is by far the most popular. Most processors have 32 kilobytes of cache memory directly on the processors chip. This type of memory is known as L1 cache. Without this L1 cache, when traveling outside the processor for information you has to slow down to the bus speed. The bus speed in notebook computers is 33MHz or 66MHz, thats slowing you down compared to the speed of the processor ex. 350Mhz. Through improvements AMDs product has become more popular, they are noted for offering lower priced notebooks. Lets talk about clock speed, both Intel and AMD K6 use megahertz to measure clock speed. Due to the differences in architecture, between the 2 chips, the K6-2 processor rarely performs at the level of the Pentium II processor with similar clock speeds. (Computer Shopper September 1999 and PC World July 99)MemoryAnother issue to take into consi deration is how much RAM (Random Access Memory) a unit has. RAM is an electronic storage area, where programs and data will be stored before the processor can manipulate it. Having insufficient RAM, the processor will wait to get its next instruction. Also you need to know how much RAM you can add later. There are a few types of ram the notebook has to offer. SDRAM is a type of RAM found in notebooks, its a newer standard, and it offers a higher performance. What exactly is SDRAM (Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory)? SDRAM is a new variant of DRAM that includes an on chip burst counter. The burst counter allows to increment column addresses and increase of the burst access. With SDRAM the CPU and RAM are locked together by the same clock, this allows SDRAM to anticipate the CPUs next move. This is telling you that SDRAM will operate very quickly and contains its contents without being refreshed. One downfall to SDRAM is if your computer is running less than 66MHz, your computer will not be able to satisfy the needs represented by SDRAM. This factor doesnt come into consideration with todays high-speed notebooks. With todays ability you can interplace chips to the consumers needs. A more expensive type of RAM chip available is VRAM (Video RAM), with 2 data paths for access, rather than just one. VRAM can manage 2 functions at once, and doesnt require the system to complete one function before starting the other, so it allows faster operation for the whole video system. VRAM chips enhance graphic performance, of video adapters to speed the creation of on screen images. (PC World July 1999)StorageThe main form of data storage in notebook computer is the hard drive. Generally more hard disk space is better, but large hard drives, can become filled and offer slower performance. Other storage devices are available such as a diskette drive and a zip drive. So you are given the opportunity to save hard disk space through these devices. (PC World July 1999)MultimediaMultimedia facets of notebook computers include, working together to provide good audio and video capabilities. The components involved are CD-ROM, DVD- ROM drive, speakers, display, sound adapter card, and video adapter card. This factor is of no importance, unless its important to the consumer. With multimedia components you have the risk of running up the price, especially with the top of the line components. (PC World July 1999)DisplayThe quality of a notebook display is one area thats important not to overlook. A dim or fuzzy display that may cast a glare from certain angles, can cause eyestrain, and make your experience with a notebook undesirable. A flat lightweight display technology used in notebook computers is known as LCD (liquid crystal display). This display is made up of special molecules in the screen that have the ability to bend and twist light to create images. The two major categories of notebook displays are active matrix (also known as TFT thin film transistor) and passive matrix. Passive matrix display- uses a technology known as high performance addressing, whose displays arent as bright or clear as TFT, but the price can be intising. This less desirable display uses a series of crisscrossed wires to create pixels at the wire intersection. This display simply signals each pixel whether to let light pass through it. The display can be uncomfortable to use, due to a fuzzier and slow refreshing display. One benefit of the passive matrix is a slightly superior dual-scan passive matrix, and the fact is this technology is cheaper. Well you can stop squinting now and well focus on the more desirable display known as active matrix. This display uses individual transistors to control and adjust each pixel of the flat screen. The display creates a sharp, easy to view picture as well as comfort to your eyes. (PC World July 1999, www. PC Magazine.com)Battery When considering a notebook the battery life is of the UT most importance. If you intend to use a notebook, traveling or working in the field, where AC power is not available, long battery life is the alternative. Currently we have two main batteries to offer: Lithium-ion (Li-Ion) and Nickel-metal hydride (NiMH). Lithium-Ion battery generally offers the longest run times and least amount of weight. (PC World July 1999)ConnectivityHow much connectivity do we need and what is available? It all depends on the purpose of your notebook. Notebook computers have the ability to connect either to telephone lines for Internet access or Ethernet lines to gain access to a L AN (local area network) includes modems and NIC (network interface cards). The most common are modems, due to the Internet many manufacturers offer internal modems. The most common modem is the 56Kbps. Another alternative is the PC card or PCMCIA. The PC card is a device that inserts into the PC card slot to increase its functions. Any system using PC cards should have some software called a card service manager or card soft. Many laptops ship with card soft. If youre running DOS or NT, it will be tougher to configure software to use the PC card. To make life easier ensure the notebook handles a PC card ex: Windows 95/98, card services manager, and the card are compatible. There are three types of PC cards; Type I is usually for memory upgrades, Type II is usually for modems or peripheral connection ex: CD-ROM, and Type III is usually for portable hard drive. Some units are equipped with IR (infrared data transfer capabilities for connecting with other computers and printers. Greek Mythology (952 words) Essay(PC World July 1999, Popular Science May 1999)Operating SystemThere are two main types of operating systems offered, the Palm OS and Windows CE. The Palm OS, is Microsofts chief competitor in the realm of palm computers. The Palm OS enjoys a larger development base, meaning hundreds of applications are available online to enhance your palms functionality. Now, Windows CE is Microsofts bid in the PDA operating system market. The palm sized adaptation includes pocket Outlook and Mobile Channels (lets users subscribe to supported websites) and can also synchronize with the desktop PC. Microsofts predominant operating system is a smaller version of the popular Windows desktop, which provides user with a similar look and feel. (PC World July 1999, Popular Science May 1999)DisplayEven know these devices are fairly new, they were first introduced in black and white. Through demand and advances in technology the more popular color screen was introduced, and has proven successful in the hand held market. The touch screen lets you run applications by tapping on them and entering data. The technology used for the screen is known as LCD (liquid crystal display), the same used in laptops. Once again we have active matrix and passive matrix displays, active matrix being the superior of the two. The 256 color active matrix LCD uses ambient light to generate color rather than powering each pixel to glow. (PC World July 1999, Popular Science May 1999)Memory RAM is a form of storage media in which user information, such as contacts and appointments can be stored. Ram requires a power source to maintain information, most have back up batteries. Solid state technology is give to this unit to add durability. Solid state technology is the process of writing and reading information entirely from RAM, PDAs also use this to store information. To give you an idea on how much information 2MB of RAM can store. The capacity is; 6000 appointments, 1500 to do items, 1500 memos, and 200 e-mail messages. If this is an insufficient amount of memory, then ensure to have a Type II compact Flash slot. The expansion slot allows you to upgrade the memory. (PC World July 1999)ProcessorThe chips found in PDAs are not full fledged processors. RISC instruction set is used, by manufactures. Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC) have increased processing speed of processor, due to the reduced size of the instructions set, which is a major advantage in these small devices. Manufactures limit the instruction sets supported by these chips, resulting in power consumption and space both valuable issue in the PDA. A multiprocessor without interlocked pipeline stages (MIPS) is incorporated into the PDA. This design is used to streamline the processor in the PDA. (www.PC Magazine.com)SoftwareMicrosoft also includes pocket versions of its popular office applications of Windows CE. Pocket Outlook provides personal information management (PIM), but Pocket Word and Pocket Excel lets its users function outside the office. An example: Active Sync is only for Microsoft Outlook, so to alleviate such a problem you can purchase third-party synchronization programs. Some third-party programs available are Pumas Intellisync, ACT, and Lotus Organizer. Theres also Pocket Power Point for presentations, plus Pocket Out look also gives the ability to surf the web. There is something called Outlook conduit software that allows you to convert files from a PIM program into a format that can be transferred to a palm connected organizer. All that PIM (personal information manager) is software with organizational features; Outlook is often included as your PIM. Conduits let you synchronize with a large selection of PIM programs. The synchronizing software allows yo u to communicate between your palm computer and desktop PC. (PC World July 1999)Input devicesHandwriting recognition software lets users write on the display screen, the device used is a stylus (pen liked device used for computing tasks, wont scratch the screen). Usually a special set of characters the program recognizes, they will closely resemble natural characters. Other DevelopmentsThe PDA has become ubiquitous in the business world. A host of third party vendors entered this enormous market. Through this rush over 2000 software titles, and 400 hardware devices enable Palms to take everything from paging, printing, GPS mapping to web access, editing spreadsheets, and using enterprise applications. GPS (global positioning system) uses data beamed down from GPS satellites, the palm displays your current longitude and latitude, elevation and other information. Technology will continue to grow, as the need for the palm computer. Even know these products are relatively new they have a promising future, because they are technologically sound and target a technological driven market. (www. PC Magazine.com)1.The instruction set supported by the Palm computer is called. a. CICS b. RISC c. SCSI d. PCI2The process of writing and reading information entirely from RAM. (PDAs use this to store information. a.solid state technologyb.pipelining c.personal information managerd.both a. and b. 3. Type of RAM chip that can perform reads and writes at the same time with two data paths for access. a. SDRAM b. Static RAM c. VRAM d. Dynamic RAM e.None of the above4.To ulitize your PC card what software must be possessed?a. DOS b. Window 95/98 c. Card Soft d. both b and c e. All of the above5.Main form of storage in the notebook computer?a. hard drive b. CD-ROM c. zip drive d. jazz drive6.Uses a series of crisscrossed wires to create pixels at the intersection. a. gas plasma b. active matrix c. passive matrix d. PIM7.A power conservation technology that will be introduced with the PIII notebook. Is known as?a. Geryserville b. PCMCIA c. power up d. solid state technology8.Which of the following are input devices used by the PC notebook?a.external mouseb.touch padc.pointing stickd.Fujitsus ergo trace.All except a9.Which of the following are operating systems for the Palm computer?a.palm OSb.windows CEc.Card Softd.Both a and b10.The palm computer uses what to access web, paging, enterprise applications, and spreadsheets?a.GPS satelliteb.Palm OSc.PIMd.Outlook